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Online resources for landslide hazards and planning Updated: General landslide informationLandslide publications and bibliographies
Comprehensive/General Plans that address landslidesOrdinances, zoning codes, and other regulations that
address landslides
Landslide mitigation, abatement, prevention, etc.Insurance for
landslide risks
Causes of
landslides
Landslides in combination with other hazards
Geotechnical resources about landslides
Landslide mappingLandslide emergency preparednessLandslides in specific locationsTimeline of landslides from around the worldNOTE: If you have suggestions for new links, please send e-mail to landslides@planning.org. General landslide informationNational Landslide Information Center, USGS A gateway to all of the Natural Hazards Center, University of
Colorado, Boulder Clearing house of information on
all types of natural hazards, including landslides. Links to
publications, studies, maps and other geologic hazard-related
information. The International Landslides Research Group An informal
group of individuals interested in landslides that publishes an online
newsletter National
Academy of Sciences: National Landslide Hazard Mitigation Strategy Project Hazards Research Lab- Department
of Geography, University of South Carolina General hazard
information, not specific to landslides.
Many publications available, including a handbook for conducting a
hazard assessment at the county level. Landslide publications and bibliographies USGS List of
Landslide Publications Many available for view online,
others downloadable. Natural Hazards Center at the
University of Colorado List of Publications Many available for downloading or
viewing online, others for purchase.
Bibliography of
Caribbean Landslides Coastal Marine Geology
Publications Maine Department of Conservation Socio-Economic and Environmental
Impacts of Landslides in the Western Hemisphere U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 01-0276. 2001. By
Robert L. Schuster and Lynn M. Highland, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S.A. Comprehensive/General Plan elements that address landslides Petersburg, Alaska: 2000 Comprehensive Plan Arizona:
Flagstaff, Ariz.: 1999 Regional Draft Plan
Mesa, Ariz.: Chapter 12 Safety Element
Paradise Valley, Ariz.: General Plan Peoria, Ariz.: Chapter 13 Safety Element
Surprise, Ariz.: Section 4.8 Environmental Planning/ Water Resources Element
Yuma, Ariz: Chapter 9 Safety Element
City of Grass Valley,
Calif: Chapter 7, Safety Element Placer
County, Calif.: Section 8 of the Health and Safety Element Rancho Palos Verdes, Calif.:
General Plan City
of Sausalito, Calif: Chapter 7, Health and Safety Element Boulder County, Colo.:
Geologic Hazards and Constraints Section Parker, Colo.: Environmental Hazards
Element
DeKalb County, Ga.: Natural and Historic Resources Element Goals, Objectives, Policies and Action Strategies Hawaii: Hawaii County, Hawaii: Natural Resources and Shoreline Goals Idaho: Boise,
Idaho: Chapter 4, Environmental Hazards Ketchum, Idaho: Chapter
2.9, Natural Resources and Environmental Quality Campbell County, Ky.: Chapter III, Environmental Characteristics Minnesota: Northfield, Minn.: Land Use Element Environmental Protection Element Oregon: Bend, Ore.: Chapter
10, Natural Forces Utah
County, Utah: Comprehensive Plan Volumes 1-3 Bainbridge Island, Wash.: Land
Use Element Carnation, Wash.: Chapter 10 Environmental Analysis
Chelan County, Wash.: Natural
Systems/Critical Areas Edgewood, Wash.: Natural
Environment Element Federal Way, Wash.: Natural Environment Element Friday Harbor, Wash.: Environment
section of the Land Use Chapter Gig Harbor, Wash.: Chapters 1-3 Issaquah,
Wash.: Land Use Element Pierce
County, Wash: Environment and Critical Areas Element Pullman, Wash.: Land Use
Element Snohomish
County, Wash.: Natural Environment Spokane
County, Wash.: Chapter 10 Natural Environment Whatcom
County, Wash.: Chapter 11 Environment Yakima
County, Wash.: Natural Setting: Goals and Policies Ordinances, zoning codes, and other regulations that address landslides Anchorage, Alaska: Code of Ordinances, Chapter 21.40.115 R-10 Residential Alpine/Slope District Juneau, Alaska: Code of Ordinances, Part II Chapter 49.70, Article II Hillside Development Arizona: Carefree, Ariz.: Zoning
Ordinance, Slope Stabilization and Restoration of Disturbed Areas Cave Creek, Ariz.: Zoning
Ordinance, Section 12 Hillsides
Paradise Valley, Ariz.: Zoning Ordinance, Article XXII Hillside Building
Scottsdale,
Ariz.: Zoning Code, Section 7.800 Environmentally Sensitive Lands
Corte
Madera, Calif.: Municipal Code, Chapter 18.18 II Hillside Land Capacity
Overlay District Placer
County, Calif.: Municipal Code, Chapter 17.52 Geological Hazard Combining
District Richmond, Calif.: Municipal Code,
Chapter 15.08.630 Hillside Subdivision Standards Rancho
Palos Verdes, Calif.: Municipal Code, Chapter 15.20 Moratorium on Land Use
Permits Douglas
County, Colo.: Zoning Code, Section 31 Clearing, Grading, and Land
Disturbance
Frisco,
Colo.: Zoning Code, Chapter 180-20-O Development on Steep Slopes
Jefferson
County, Colo.: Zoning Resolution, Section 44 Geologic Hazard Overlay District
Ouray
County, Colo.: Land Use Code, Section 12 Geologic Hazard Area Regulations
San
Miguel County, Colo.: Land Use Code, Article 5-404 Geologic Hazard Areas Hawaii: Kauai County, Idaho: County Code, Article 10 Constraint Districts Idaho: Blaine County, Idaho: Municipal Code, Title 9, Chapter 21 Mountain Overlay District Kentucky:
Campbell County, Ky.: Zoning Code, Section 9.23 Hillside Development Controls Lexington-Fayette Urban County, Ky.: Subdivision Regulations Minnesota: Northfield, Minn.: Northfield Code, Chapter 34, Article VII, Division 3, Design Standards Article VIII, Division 2, Administration and Enforcement Mississippi: Brandon, Miss.: Code of Ordinances, Chapter 34, Article IV Land Disturbance and Erosion Control Montana:
Billings, Mont.: City Code, Chapter 23, Subdivision Regulations Nebraska: Nevada: Sparks, Nev.:
Municipal Code Chapter 20.99 Development on Slopes, Hilltops and Ridges New Hampshire: Nashua, N.H.: Revised Ordinances Article VII, Division 11 Planned Residential Developments New Mexico: Bernalillo County, N. Mex.: County Code, Chapter 74, Article IX Development Standards Cincinnati,
Ohio: Zoning Code, Chapter 1459 Environmental Quality District Regulations
Eugene, Ore.: Public
Improvement Design Standards, Appendix B Standards for Geotechnical Analysis Marion
County, Ore.: Urban Zoning Code, Chapter XXX Geologically Hazardous Areas
Overlay Zone Multnomah
County, Ore.: Zoning Code, Chapter 11.15 Hillside Development and Erosion
Control Salem, Ore.:
Salem Revised Code, Chapter 69 Landslide Hazards Ordinance Pittsburgh,
Pa.: Zoning Code, Chapter 906.04 Landslide-Prone Overlay District
Findlay County, Pa.:
Zoning Code, Chapter 510 Steep Slope and Landslide-Prone Area Overlay District Bainbridge
Island, Wash.: Municipal Code, Chapter 16.20.080 Geologically Hazardous Areas Edmonds,
Wash.: Building Code, 19.05 Building Permits Earth Subsidence and Landslide
Hazard Areas Mercer Island, Wash.: Unified
Land Development Code, Chapter 19.07 Critical Lands Spokane,
Wash.: Zoning Code, 11.19.2528 Geologically Hazardous Areas Tukwila, Wash.: Municipal Code, Chapter 18.45 Sensitive
Areas Overlay Tumwater,
Wash.: Municipal Code, 16.20 Geologically Hazardous Areas Wyoming: Green
River, Wyom.: Code of Ordinances, Appendix B, Chapter 8: Planned Unit
Development Regulations Landslide mitigation, abatement, prevention, etc.
United States Public Law 106-390, October 30, 2000: Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 Provides a source of federal pre-disaster hazard mitigation funding. The funds can used to support effective public-private natural disaster hazard mitigation partnerships; to improve the assessment of a community s vulnerability to hazards; or to establish hazard mitigation priorities, and an appropriate hazard mitigation plan, for a community. A portion of the funds can also be used for public information dissemination. Local governments must submit a hazard mitigation plan to be eligible for the funds. The law also provides for federal multi-hazard advisory maps in some states. Recent
Developments in Landslide Mitigation Techniques An in depth technical explanations
of mitigation techniques. A paper by J. David Roberts of Geolith
Consultants in Research by Protecting Our Ports, a
project of USGS, Avalanche/Landslide
Mitigation in Alaska Provides a list of links for
landslide mitigation and preparedness. National Landslide
Hazards Mitigation Strategy: A Framework for Loss Reduction by Elliot C. Spiker and Paula L.
Gori, USGS Technical information about mitigating
landslide hazards by US Army engineer, Dr. Lawson M. Smith. Landslide Mitigation with
Drainage Management Provides information about the
relationships between water, erosion, and instability and includes techniques
to mitigate the hazard. Managing
Drainage on Coastal Bluffs A site managed by the Washington
Department of Ecology to help coastal landowners mitigate landslide hazards
through proper drainage techniques. By
a Landslide -- Creating a Geologic Hazard-Abatement District How to create a GHAD in Reducing
Landslide and Stormwater Erosion Damage: What You Can Do A publication from the city of
Seattle Department of Design, Construction and Land Use including how to take
preventative action and how to look for symptoms of hazards. A current project of the
International Geological Correlation Program (a division of UNESCO). Insurance for landslide risksNot so Fast (Private Sector Coverage in California) Montgomery & Collins, a California-based Lloyd s coverholder, insures landslide risks Fact Sheet: Landslides (Insurance) Washington State Insurance Commissioner provided information about obtaining landslide risk insurance coverage A list of insurance agents associations Natural
Disaster Property Loss Reduction Executive summary of a study that examines catastrophic
events and the stresses economic and otherwise recent catastrophes have
caused the industry; the potential financial problems insurers, reinsurers, and
other risk-bearers would face if a major catastrophe were to hit a heavily
populated urban area; the steps that have already been taken and suggestions for other actions
to help handle future catastrophe losses; and some new directions that are
under consideration to produce more accurate loss costs for catastrophes. US Insurance Industry Perspectives on Global Climate Change By Evan Mills, Eugene Lecomte and Andrew
Peara. Earthquakes: Risks and Insurance Issues Information from the Insurance Information
Institute about landslides and their association with earthquakes. Explains the lack of insurance opportunities
for landslides and proposes causes for such a lack of insurance. Mine Subsidence Insurance in Pennsylvania Causes of landslides Clear-cutting Causes Landslides Umpqua Watershed (
Landslides Triggered by Earthquakes Provides summaries of several studies of earthquake-induced landsliding.
From The Science of Slides: A Primer on How Debris Flows Work by Jen Shaffer Steep slopes, removal of vegetation, saturation and clear-cutting are just some of the causes of landslides discussed here. Landslides in combination with other hazards Common Questions about
Avalanches Includes safety travel techniques
for areas with heavy snow. Environmental
Issues in the Northeastern US A summary of earthquake, landslide
and other geologic hazards in the northeastern US published by the Paleontological
Research Institution. Analysis and
Mitigation of Earthquake-Induced Landslide Hazards Chapter 5 of Guidelines for
Evaluation and Mitigation of Seismic Hazards in Landslides
Triggered by Earthquakes Brief coverage of what triggers
landslides and how earthquakes and landslides are related. Debris
Avalanches and Volcanic Landslides USGS description of the phenomenon
with analysis and photos. A short description of the causes of tsunamis A description of
volcanoes from the American Red Cross that includes hazards that occur as a
result of volcanoes. Landslide hazards are described in relation to
volcanoes. Underwater landslides
displace water, triggering tsunamis. Geotechnical resources about landslides Standards for
Geotechnical and Engineering Geology Reports A listing of what should be included in geotechnical and
engineering geology reports and who should conduct them provided by Geolith
consultants. Geotechnical
Experts Definitions Definitions of geologist, geotechnical engineer and others
provided by JCP Reports, a disclosure reports company. by Stephen G. Evans Geotechnical
Review in Rancho Palos Verdes California A technical evaluation of current geotechnical data relating
to the Abalone Cove landslide in Organizations
and Web Sites for Geotechnical Engineering Provided by the Earthquake Network. Research from
the Engineering Geology Research Group at the University of British Columbia
Covers modeling the dynamic behavior of rapid landslides
design of debris flow/avalanche protective structures, brittle and ductile
toppling of large rock slopes, failure behavior of landslides in clay and silt,
risk assessment and hazard rating. New Information on Predicting
Landslides Researchers at the Highlights of Recent
Landslide Research Edited by A. Ghazi, P. Balabanis, R. Casale, and M.
Yeroyanni and published by the Climate and Natural Hazards Unit of the
Environment and Climate Programme in NASA s new imaging methods
to monitor slope failure. Virtual Library of Geotechnical
Engineering A list of internet resources concerning geotechnical
engineering, including university sites, on-line journals and other
information. Landslide mappingLandslide
Overview Map of the Conterminous United States By Dorothy H. Radbruch-Hall, Roger B. Colton, William E. Davies, Ivo Lucchitta, Betty A. Skipp, and David J. Varnes. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1183. Landslide incidence and susceptibility illustrated for major subdivisions of the US. A project of the
Terrain Stability
Mapping in British Columbia A review of terrain stability
mapping methods currently used in
Guidelines and
Standards to Terrain Mapping in British Columbia These standards are for all terrain
mapping in
Forest
Practices Code of British Columbia: Mapping and Assessing Terrain Stability A guidebook for forest management that focuses on evaluating landslide hazards. The guidebook recommendations concentrate on terrain stability mapping and assessment with the purpose of reducing the landslide hazards in forest development areas.
Caribbean Disaster Mitigation
Project (CDMP) Natural Hazard Mapping Resources Page CDMP supports hazard assessments in
the
Seattle
Geologic Mapping Project Includes maps of critical areas
which include areas of known sliding. A joint project of USGS,
Watersheds Mapping (includes
landslides) in Northern California The maps provide information on the
geology and geomorphic features affecting landslides for watersheds in
Mapping of
Puget Sound Landslides These maps are the basis for many
local planning decisions in the
Probabilistic
Methods Provide New Tools for Landslide Hazard Mapping Using probabilistic models for landslide hazard assessment projects rather than more subjective tools of analysis such as aerial photographs. An article by William C. Haneberg in Earth Observation Magazine.
Draft Guidelines
for Use of Landslide Susceptibility Maps This site provides guidelines to
landslide maps for
National
Geologic Map Database Managed by USGS, find hazards maps, geologic maps and others.
Find and order USGS maps.
User-friendly information from USGS on using geologic maps.
A Digital Terrain Model for Mapping Shallow Landslide Potential By William E. Dietrich and David R. Montgomery, 1998
A system of land
classification based on the ecoregions concept.
Topography and soils are just two of many attributes used to classify
land. A UNESCO project that developed new methods for landslide mapping and created a susceptibility map for the upper Chicamocha Valley in Columbia. Landslide Maps of Cass County, North Dakota and Clay County, Minnesota Preliminary Map Showing Locations of
Landslides in El Yunque Quadrangle, Puerto Rico By Manuel R. Guariguata and Matthew C. Larsen, USGS Map
Showing Landslide Susceptibility in the
Comero Municipality, Puerto Rico By John E. Parks and Matthew C. Larsen, USGS Landslide emergency preparedness Debris-Flow
Hazards in the San Francisco Bay Region
The city of Preparing
for Landslides and Mudflows Information about evacuation
planning and insurance from the Washington State Emergency Management
Division. Federal Emergency Management
Agency s guide to emergency preparedness for landslides and mudflows. The California Earthquake Survival
Program publication on preparing for a landslide. Washougal River Basin
Landslide Emergency Response Plan The plan is a landslide hazard
specific plan meant to supplement existing emergency response procedure.
Several agencies in Clark County Washington are responsible for implementing
this plan. Hazards,
Disasters and Survival: Chapter 10 Landslide Hazards and Disasters Includes a brief review of
landslides that have occurred in American
Red Cross: Landslide and Debris Flow How to prepare a family disaster
plan and other landslide preparation instructions from the American Red Cross. Emergency Management
Message Board by Turning Point Group Post or read messages on emergency
management for disasters and hazards. Disaster Preparedness:
Landslides International Conference of
Building Officials Los Angeles Basin chapter provides tips for preparing for a
landslide before it occurs including what emergency supplies to have on hand,
what to do when rain may cause a slide and how to prepare a family disaster
plan. Homeowner's
guide to recognizing and reducing landslide damage on their property Utah Geological Survey provided information about the location of
landslides in Homeowner s
Guide to Geologic Hazards Comprehensive guide including illustrations, checklist, and a list of
other resources from the Vermont Geo. Survey.
Landslides in specific locations Prevention, maps, general
information by the Washington Department of Ecology San Francisco
Bay Landslide Folio Maps and data for assessing
landslide hazards in the bay region. Cincinnati, Ohio Department of Transportation and Engineering, |
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