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Cloudy with a Loss of Spending Control: How Data Centers Are Endangering State Budgets
April 2025by: Kasia TarczynskaThis report discusses the fiscal impacts of tax incentives for data centers. -
The Future of Data Centers
Governance Studies Center for Technology Innovation Research Report, November 2025by: Nicol Lee, Darrell WestThis report discusses impacts and considerations associated with data center development. -
Data Centers and Local Economies in the Age of AI: A Shift—Share Approach
NBER Working Paper 35194, May 2026by: Fernando Alvarez, David Argente, Joyce ChowThis report examines how increases in data center development affect local economies. -
The Future Is Now: Data Center Fundamentals for EDD Staff
March 2026by: Joe D’AntonioThis report examines the role of Economic Development Districts in data center developments. -
Tioga County, PA, Subdivision and Land Development Ordinance
Updated January 2026The county's subdivision and land development ordinance defines data centers and related terms and outlines specific-use criteria and the decommissioning processes. -
Marana, AZ, Code of Ordinances
Updated June 2026The town's code of ordinances defines data center and establishes use-specific standards and requirements. -
Kootenai County, ID, Code of Ordinances
Updated December 2025The county's code of ordinances defines data center, establishes where they are permitted, and outlines use specific standards. -
Wallingford, CT, Zoning Regulations
Updated June 2025The town's zoning regulation defines data center and establishes where they are permitted and use-specific standards and requirements. -
Archbald, PA, Zoning Ordinance
Updated March 2023The borough's zoning ordinance defines data center and related terminology and establishes a Data Center Overlay Zoning District. -
Troy, IL, Code of Ordinances
Updated November 2025The city's code of ordinances mandates where data centers are permitted and establishes evaluation criteria and use-specific regulations. -
Lake County, IN, Unified Development Ordinance
Updated June 2026The county's unified development ordinance defines data centers, establishes where they are permitted, and outlines use-specific requirements and standards. -
Cleburne, TX, Zoning Ordinance
Updated April 2026The city's zoning ordinance defines data centers, establishes where they are permitted, and outlines use specific standards. -
Columbiana, AL, Municipal Code
Updated March 2026The city's municipal code defines data center and data center accessory use and their use specific standards. -
Green Oak Township, MI, Zoning Ordinance
Updated May 2023The town's zoning ordinance defines data centers and related terminology, determines where they are permitted, and outlines dimensional, design, and performance standards. -
Niagara Falls, NY Zoning Ordinance
Updated July 2026The city's zoning ordinance defines data center and high energy uses and establishes the Niagara Digital Campus district. -
Henrietta Township, MI, Zoning Ordinance
Updated November 2025The town's zoning ordinance defines data centers and related terms, establishes where they are permitted, and outlines use-specific application requirements and development standards. -
Monticello, MN, Code of Ordinances
Updated December 2024The city's code of ordinances defines data center, data center accessory, and data center campus, and establishes a Data Center Planned Unit Development (DCPUD) zoning district. -
Cass County, MO, Municipal Code
Updated April 2026The county's municipal code defines data centers and related terminology and establishes use-specific standards and requirements. -
Plattsburgh, NY, Municipal Code
Updated November 2025The city's code defines data centers and high-energy-intensive uses and addresses use specific requirements. -
Pitt County, NC, Zoning Ordinance
Updated November 2025The county's zoning ordinance defines data processing facilities, determines where they are permitted, and establishes additional use standards. -
Moses Lake, WA, Municipal Code
Updated April 2026The city's municipal code defines data centers, determines where they are permitted, and establishes development requirements. -
Alpharetta, GA, Unified Development Code
Updated September 2025The city's development code defines data centers and use-specific standards. -
Brainerd, MN, Zoning Code
Updated July 2022The city's zoning ordinance defines data centers and outlines use-specific requirements for principal and ancillary uses. -
Frederick County, MD, Code of Ordinances
Updated April 2026The county's ordinance establishes the Critical Digital Infrastructure overlay zone, where critical digital infrastructure is permitted, and outlines use-specific standards. -
Vernal, UT, Municipal Code
Updated May 2026The city's municipal code defines data centers, determines where they are permitted, and outlines use-specific standards. -
Iowa Data Center Decision Tool
June 2026by: The University of Iowa Hubbell Environmental Law InitiativeThis guide provides questions and considerations for community leaders to direct toward data center developers. -
Brainerd, MN, Zoning Code
Updated July 2022The city's zoning ordinance defines data centers and outlines use-specific requirements for principal and ancillary uses. -
Birmingham, AL, Zoning Ordinance
Updated June 2026The city's zoning ordinance defines data centers, where they are permitted, and the standards developments must meet. -
Little Rock, AR, Code of Ordinances
Updated June 2026The city's code of ordinances establishes a clear framework for data center development and operational standards. -
Stop Dirty Data: Community Benefits Agreement Template
2026by: NAACPThis model provides a template to help cities and counties establish a community benefit agreement with data center developers -
Pennsylvania Model Data Center Ordinance
September 2025by: PennFutureThis model ordinance provides a template to help cities manage data center siting. -
York County, PA Model Data Center Ordinance
April 2026by: York County, PA Planning CommissionThis model ordinance provides a template to help cities manage data center developments. -
North Dakota Model Data Center Zoning Ordinance
June 2026by: NoneThis model ordinance provides a template to help cities manage the siting and development of data centers. -
Model Community Benefits Ordinance
April 2026by: Data Center Freedom CoalitionThis model ordinance provides a template to help cities develop a community benefits agreement framework with data center developers. -
Kentucky Resources Council Model Data Center Siting Ordinance Version 1.4
January 2026by: Kentucky Resources CouncilThis model ordinance provides a template to help counties manage data center siting. -
Aligning Data Centers with Sustainability Goals: Local Government Playbook
July 2026by: Great Plains InstituteThis guide discusses the impacts associated with data centers and provides recommendations and strategies for mitigation. -
Local Guidelines for Data Center Development
November 2024by: Hannah MietThis guide provides an overview of data center development, community impacts, and how zoning regulations can address concerns and compatibility issues. -
What to Ask When a Data Center Wants to Come to Town
September 2025by: Kasia TarczynskaThis guide provides questions for public officials to ask before the approval of a data center to ensure the development aligns with the communities' priorities -
Data Centers: Key Reforms for State Subsidy Legislation
September 2025by: Kasia TarczynskaThis guide discusses data center tax breaks and the impact this has on local government budgets. -
Shaping the Future of Data Center Development: A Strategic Playbook for Local Governments
October 2025by: Sara Hiller, Anthony JonesThis guide discusses the rise of data center development and outlines a strategy for local governments collaborating with developers. -
Putting Data Center Development in Its Place: A Community Toolkit
September 2025by: PennFutureThis guide references a model data center development ordinance and provides an explanation of the model -
Local Ordinances to Help Bring Data Centers into Alignment with Climate Goals
October 2025by: Georgetown Climate CenterThis guide discusses zoning overlay zones as a strategy for reducing the environmental impacts of data centers. -
North Star Data Center Policy Toolkit
January 2026by: AI Now InstituteThis guide focuses on strategies and policies aimed at slowing and restricting data center developments. -
What Michigan Local Governments Should Know About Data Centers
February 2026by: Sarah Mills, Ann WilkinsonThis guide focuses on considerations for local governments regarding data center siting. -
Defining Data Centers: A Reference Guide for Central Pines Member Communities
January 2026by: Central Pines Regional CouncilThis guide provides an overview of data centers and their effects on communities and includes resources and potential strategies. -
From Infrastructure to Implications: Data Center 101 for Urban Planners
February 2026by: Xiaofan LiangThis guide examines the impacts of data centers through their infrastructure components. -
Getting It Right: Local Approaches to Data Center Development
January 2026by: Southern Environmental Law CenterThis guide examines the impact of data centers on communities and how local authorities can leverage zoning to address these concerns. -
Charlottesville, VA, Climate Risk & Vulnerability Assessment
2023This plan used scenario planning to develop a climate risk and vulnerability assessment in Charlottesville, Virginia. -
Champaign County, IL, Long Range Transportation Plan 2040
2014This plan details how local area transportation systems should evolve over the next 25 years in Champaign County, Illinois. -
Cheyenne, WY, Connect 2045
December 2020This plan used scenario planning to create a long-range transportation plan in Cheyenne, Wyoming.