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Growing Urban Agriculture: Equitable Strategies and Policies for Improving Access to Healthy Food and Revitalizing Communities
2012by: Allison Hagey, Solana Rice, Rebecca FlournoyThis report examines how urban farming can help communities by improving access to healthy food, improving economic health, and helping to revitalize communities. -
Farming Inside Cities: Entrepreneurial Urban Agriculture in the United States
2000by: Martin Bailkey, Jerry KaufmanThis report investigates the nature and characteristics of for-market farming within urban areas. -
Urban Agriculture in the United States: Baseline Findings of a Nationwide Survey
November 2016by: Andy Pressman, Lydia Oberholtzer, Carolyn DimitriThis briefing paper explores the potential of urban agriculture to support local food systems. -
Vacant Lots to Vibrant Plots: A Review of the Benefits and Limitations of Urban Agriculture
May 2016by: Anne Palmer, Brent Kim, Raychel SantoThis report provides an overview of the socio-cultural, health, environmental, and economic development outcomes of urban agriculture. -
Urban Agriculture: A Sixteen City Survey of Urban Agriculture Practices Across the Country
2011by: Mindy Goldstein, Jennifer Bellis, Sarah MorseThis report summarizes the state of urban agriculture in 16 major U.S. cities. -
Savannah, GA, Code of Ordinances
Updated October 2019This regulation belongs to the Green Stormwater Infrastructure, Historic Preservation, and Urban Livestock collections. -
Stillwater, MN, Code of Ordinances
2017The city code's animals chapter addresses the keeping of bees on single-family and some two-family properties. -
Skokie, IL, Code of Ordinances
2017The village code's animal chapter was amended in 2013 to address residential beekeeping. -
Orange County, NC, Unified Development Ordinance
Adopted 2011, amended through 2017The county’s unified development ordinance addresses agritourism through provisions for rural special events. -
Sterling, IL, Code of Ordinances
2017The city code's animal chapter includes a section on miniature potbellied pigs. -
La Cañada Flintridge, CA, Zoning Code
2017The city's zoning code includes a chapter on animal keeping in residential zones. -
Lawton, OK, Municipal Code
Updated February 2022The city code's animal chapter allows the keeping of large and small animals other than cats and dogs as well as bees. -
Grand Prairie, TX, Code of Ordinances
2017The city code's animal chapter establishes requirements for keeping livestock and fowl. -
Gulfport, FL, Code of Ordinances
2016The city code's animal chapter was amended in 2009 to allow the keeping of up to 10 chickens on properties within the city. -
Manatee County, FL, Code of Ordinances
2017The county code's animal chapter was amended in 2013 to address the keeping of chickens on residential property. -
Cleveland, OH, Code of Ordinances
Updated September 2021These regulations belong to the Creative Placemaking, Food Systems, Food Trucks, Urban Agriculture, Urban Livestock, and Wind Energy collections. -
Clearwater, FL, Code of Ordinances
Updated September 2021This city's codified ordinance belongs to the Food Systems, Shared Mobility, and Urban Livestock collections. -
Buffalo, NY, Municipal Code
2017The city's property maintenance code was amended in 2009 to allow for keeping chicken hens in residential districts with a license. -
Beaverton, OR, City Code
Updated October 2021The city code's public protection title allows for urban chicken-keeping on single-family residential parcels of at least 5,000 SF. -
Beloit, WI, Code of Ordinances
2017The city's property maintenance code includes an ordinance regulating the keeping of chickens within the city. -
Seeding the City: Land Use Policies to Promote Urban Agriculture
October 2011by: Heather Wooten, Amy AckermanThis toolkit belongs to the Food Systems, Urban Agriculture and Urban Livestock collections. -
Alachua County, FL, County Code
Updated February 2022The county's Unified Land Development Code addresses the noncommercial raising of poultry or livestock on parcels less than five acres. -
Lancaster, PA, City Code
2016The city’s general legislation code classifies mobile food vending under restaurants, and contains detailed regulations related to mobile food operations. -
Schaumburg, IL, Policy Manual
2017The village's policy manual includes a policy statement establishing a community bee garden on village-owned land. -
Food Producing Animals (FPA) Suggested Care Practices and Local Resources: Chickens, Ducks, and Goats
n.d.This local guide from Denver, CO, describes important considerations for residents before they decide to get backyard chickens, ducks, or goats. -
A Food Systems Assessment for Oakland, California: Toward a Sustainable Food Plan
2006by: Serena Unger, Heather WootenThis assessment provides a comprehensive evaluation and baseline information on each element of the city's food system. -
Seattle, WA, Resolution 31019: Local Food Action Initiative
2008This city council resolution lists 10 goals to provide guidance for analysis and development of the region’s food system. -
Cultivating Resilience: A Food System Blueprint that Advances the Health of Iowans, Farms and Communities
2011by: Angela Tagtow, Susan RobertsThe report rates Iowa's food system as "poor" and offers 14 sets of recommendations for action for five food systems sectors. -
Kaua'i County, HI, Kaua'i Kākou
Adopted March 2018The county’s comprehensive plan contains actions to address the impacts of climate change. -
Incorporating Water into Comprehensive Planning
February 2020by: Erin Rugland, AICPThis guide provides insight on how land use planners can create comprehensive plans that ensure there is enough water for all residents of the Colorado River Basin. -
Design Thinking in Policymaking Processes: Opportunities and Challenges
Australian Journal of Public Administration, 75 (3): 391–402, 2016by: Michael Mintrom, Joannah LuetiensThis article explores how planners and local officials can apply design thinking strategies to local policy development. It highlights five specific strategies: environmental scanning, participant observation, open-to-learning conversations, mapping, and sensemaking. -
Design in Government: City Planning, Space-Making, and Urban Politics
Political Geography, 97: 102644, 2022by: Stephen Collier, Anke GruendelThis article discusses how design and design thinking evolved from contemporary design and now is utilized as a procedure to solve problems. -
Design Thinking IDEO
2019by: IDEOThis website provides a general audience introduction to the concept of design thinking from the perspective of an influential design firm. -
DT Tools
2021This toolkit details all the steps of the design process in easy to read and understand processes to help streamline implementation. -
Know Before You Grow: Understanding Site Risks for Garden and Growing Activities
EPA-560-F-21-201, October 2021This fact sheet provides information on how to assess soils for urban gardening to determine whether the lot is a brownfield and the level of soil contamination. -
Bethlehem, NY, Bethlehem Forward
Adopted June 2022This comprehensive plan by the Town of Bethlehem is focusing their efforts on pedestrian accessibility, economic, and environmental conditions. -
New York, NY, Food Forward NYC: A 10-Year Food Policy Plan
September 2022This food system policy plan is a policy framework that is aimed at improving the equitability, sustainability, and heath of New York City’s food system by 2031. -
Brownfields and Urban Agriculture: Interim Guidelines for Safe Gardening Practices
2011This guide provides information and recommendations to help with developing safe urban agriculture projects on former brownfield sites. -
San Mateo County, CA, Urban Agriculture Guide
May 2020This guide provides information to help support urban agriculture in San Mateo County, CA. -
Farmland Access in Urban Settings
2018by: Johanna Rosen, Kathryn Ruhf, Bob WagnerThis briefing paper addresses land access and tenure challenges for urban farming. -
Does Urban Agriculture Improve Food Security? Examining the Nexus of Food Access and Distribution of Urban Produced Foods in the United States: A Systematic Review
Sustainability, 10(9): 1-27, 2018by: Alana Siegner, Jennifer Sowerwine, Charisma AceyThis article explores the impact of urban food production on community food security. -
Bridgeport, CT, Cultivating Community: An Urban Agriculture Master Plan for Bridgeport
Adopted June 2019This functional plan presents a community vision and policy recommendations to support urban agriculture in Bridgeport, CT. -
Healthy Soil for Urban Farm Production: Building from Scratch
Cornell Small Farms Program, January 11, 2021by: Kyle RittenburgThis blog post explores the challenges and opportunities of turning vacant or underutilized land into productive farmland. -
Food Policy: Urban Farming as a Supplemental Food Source
Journal of Social Change, 8(1): 1-13, 2016by: Bessie DiDomenica, Mark GordonThis article explores urban agriculture's potential of contributing to the urban food system. -
Troup County, GA, Code of Ordinances
2017The county’s zoning ordinance includes supplemental regulations that address rural and agritourism development. -
Woodford County, KY, Zoning Ordinance
2017The county’s zoning ordinance permits agritourism-related uses in the Agricultural district. -
Washington Township, MI, Zoning Ordinance
Updated June 2021The township’s zoning ordinance establishes agricultural tourism provisions to maintain and encourage local farming -
Winston-Salem/Forsyth County, NC, Unified Development Ordinance
2016The city/county's zoning code allows agricultural tourism uses in the conservation and agricultural districts with a zoning permit. -
Vergennes, MI, Zoning Ordinance
2017The township’s zoning ordinance allows agritourism businesses as special exception uses.